Complete Guide to Permanent Makeup

What is Permanent Makeup?

Permanent makeup (PMU), also known as cosmetic tattooing, semi-permanent makeup, or micropigmentation, is a cosmetic technique that uses specialised tools to deposit pigment into the skin's dermal layer. The result is a long-lasting enhancement that mimics the appearance of makeup—perfect brows, tinted lips, defined eyes—without the need for daily application.

Unlike traditional tattoos, permanent makeup uses different equipment, techniques, and pigments specifically designed for facial cosmetic application. The pigments are formulated to fade gradually over time, allowing for adjustments as trends, preferences, and facial features change with age.

How Does Permanent Makeup Work?

Permanent makeup works by implanting pigment into the skin using various techniques depending on the treatment area and desired effect. The practitioner uses specialised tools—either a manual hand tool (for techniques like microblading) or a digital machine—to create tiny punctures in the skin, depositing pigment with each stroke or pass.

The science behind PMU involves understanding skin layers and pigment retention. Pigment is deposited into the upper dermis—deep enough to remain stable but shallow enough to allow the body's natural processes to gradually break down and fade the pigment over time. This is why PMU is considered "semi-permanent" rather than permanent like traditional tattoos.

The PMU Process

Every permanent makeup treatment follows a similar general process. A consultation is held first to discuss goals, assess suitability, and design the enhancement. Before the procedure, numbing cream is applied for comfort. The actual treatment involves the practitioner carefully implanting pigment using their chosen technique. Aftercare instructions are provided, and a touch-up appointment is scheduled for 6-8 weeks later to perfect the results once initial healing is complete.

Types of Permanent Makeup Treatments

Permanent makeup encompasses a variety of treatments targeting different areas of the face. Each treatment uses specific techniques optimised for that area.

Treatment Comparison

Who Is Permanent Makeup For?

Permanent makeup is suitable for a wide range of people seeking to enhance their natural features, simplify their beauty routine, or address specific concerns. It's particularly popular among busy professionals who want to look polished without daily makeup application, active individuals who want makeup that doesn't smudge during workouts or swimming, those with allergies or sensitivities to traditional makeup, people with vision or dexterity challenges that make makeup application difficult, anyone who has experienced hair loss in the brow or lash area, and those who simply want to wake up looking refreshed and put-together.

Who Should Avoid PMU

While PMU is safe for most people, certain conditions may require caution or mean treatment isn't suitable. These include pregnancy and breastfeeding (as a precaution), active skin conditions in the treatment area, certain autoimmune conditions, blood disorders or blood-thinning medications, history of keloid scarring, and recent use of certain medications like Accutane. A thorough consultation helps determine if PMU is right for you.

Benefits of Permanent Makeup

Permanent makeup offers numerous benefits that extend beyond aesthetics. Here's a balanced look at the advantages and considerations:

Safety & Choosing a Practitioner

Safety should be your primary concern when considering permanent makeup. The procedure involves breaking the skin and implanting pigments, making it essential to choose a qualified, experienced practitioner who follows strict hygiene protocols.

At Art of Aesthetics, Dr Abinaya Shanmugham brings a unique advantage—her background as a qualified dental surgeon (BDS) means she has extensive medical training in anatomy, hygiene protocols, and patient care. This medical foundation ensures the highest standards of safety and precision in every treatment.

What to Expect: Before, During & After

Before Your Appointment

Preparation helps ensure the best results. In the days before your appointment, avoid alcohol and caffeine (which thin blood), don't take aspirin or ibuprofen, avoid sun exposure on the treatment area, and discontinue retinol or exfoliating products near the area. Come to your appointment with a clean face and bring any reference images of your desired look.

During the Procedure

Your appointment will begin with a consultation to confirm your desired outcome. The area will be cleaned and numbing cream applied. Your practitioner will design and map the enhancement, which you'll approve before any permanent work begins. The treatment itself involves careful application of pigment using the appropriate technique. Most clients find the experience manageable—many describe it as mild discomfort rather than pain.

After the Treatment

Immediately after, the treated area will appear darker and more intense than the final result. You'll receive detailed aftercare instructions and a healing balm. The colour will soften significantly over the following weeks as the skin heals. A touch-up appointment (included in most treatments) is scheduled for 6-8 weeks later to perfect the results.

The Healing Process

Understanding the healing process helps set realistic expectations. All permanent makeup treatments go through similar healing stages, though the timeline varies by treatment type.

For detailed aftercare instructions and what to expect during healing, visit our comprehensive Healing & Aftercare Guide.

How Long Does Permanent Makeup Last?

Despite its name, permanent makeup is actually semi-permanent. Results typically last anywhere from 1-5 years depending on the treatment type, with eyebrow treatments generally lasting 12-18 months, lip colour lasting 2-5 years, and beauty marks lasting 2-5 years.

Several factors affect longevity including skin type (oily skin fades faster), sun exposure (UV breaks down pigment), skincare routine (exfoliants and retinols accelerate fading), lifestyle factors, and individual metabolism. Regular touch-ups—typically annually for brows and every 2-3 years for lips—help maintain optimal results.

Common Questions About Permanent Makeup

Have more questions? Visit our comprehensive FAQ page or contact us directly.